AuCl3﹣CuCl2／γ﹣Al2 O3乙炔氢氯化催化剂的失活原因分析及再生性能研究

摘要

A non﹣mercury AuCl3﹣CuCl2∕γ﹣Al2 O3 catalyst was prepared by impregnation method usingγ﹣Al2 O3 as support. The catalytic properties for acetylene hydrogen chloride reaction were explored in a fixed bed reactor. The catalyst was characterized by SEM﹣EDS,FT﹣IR,inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum and BET analysis to see the reason for catalyst deactivation. The results show that acetylene conversion reaches more than 9 7%and the vinyl chloride selectivity is more than 9 9%un﹣der the conditions of a temperature of 150 ℃,a pressure of 0. 1 MPa,a WHSV of 120 h-1 ,a volume ra﹣tio of HCl to C2 H2 equaling to 1. 05∶1. However,the high activity can only keep for 3 h. The analysis found that the carbon deposit on the catalyst surface is the main reason for the deactivation. It proved that the catalyst activity can be recovered to the fresh level after regeneration in air for 1 h at 500 ℃.%采用γ﹣Al2 O3为载体通过浸渍法制备了 AuCl3﹣CuCl2∕γ﹣Al2 O3催化剂，考察其对乙炔氢氯化反应的催化性能，并用比表面积及孔径分析、扫描电镜、能谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱等表征方法对催化剂的失活原因进行分析。结果表明：在温度150℃、压力0．1 MPa、空速120 h﹣1、V（HCl）∶V（C2 H2）＝1．05的工艺条件下，乙炔转化率达到97％以上，氯乙烯选择性达到99％以上，但反应3 h后催化剂活性迅速降低；催化剂表面积炭为其失活的主要原因。将失活催化剂在空气氛围、500℃下焙烧1 h后，其活性基本能恢复至新鲜催化剂水平，说明该催化剂具有优异的再生性能。