加拿大油砂沥青常压渣油供氢热裂化改质基础研究

摘要

The hydrogen donating abilities of three fractions of atmospheric residue (FA,FB,and FC)were evaluated and the FB fraction was chosen as the best hydrogen donor. The impacts of FB on atmospheric residue thermal upgrading process was studied under different reaction conditions. The results show that the relative hydrogen donating ability has the order of FB>FC>FA. Compared with conventional thermal cracking,the coke induction period extends 3.0—4.5 min,the spot test rate of upgrading oil reduces by 1—2 grades (420 ℃,20—40 min). The density of upgrading oil decreases sig-nificantly as time and temperature increase in hydrogen donor upgrading process. Besides,the total vis-cosity reduction rate of thermal upgrading oil with hydrogen donor is 1.14—1.40 times of net viscosity reduction rate with light fraction blending.%以加拿大油砂沥青常压渣油（常压渣油）馏分油 FA，FB，FC 为初选供氢剂，对其氢转移能力进行了评价，优选出合适的供氢剂；在此基础上研究了不同反应条件下优选供氢剂 FB 对常压渣油热裂化改质效果的影响。结果表明：3种馏分油的相对供氢能力由大到小的顺序为 FB＞FC＞FA；相比于常规热裂化反应，供氢热裂化反应过程中的生焦诱导期延长3．0～4．5 min，改质油的斑点试验等级降低了1～2级（420℃，20～40 min），随着反应时间的延长和反应温度的升高，改质油的密度下降的趋势更为明显；此外供氢热裂化改质油总降黏率是掺稀降黏率的1．14～1．40倍。