近/超临界醇解制备生物柴油的研究

摘要

以植物油为原料,在甲醇近/超临界条件下,采用正交试验对油料与甲醇酯交换反应工艺条件进行优化,考察了促进剂对酯交换反应的影响.结果表明:酯交换反应工艺条件对产物收率的影响由大到小的顺序为空速>反应温度>醇油比>反应压力;加入微量促进剂后反应温度、反应压力明显降低,油料空速提高,可在更加缓和的工艺条件下制备满足国家标准(GB/T 20828-2007)要求的BD100生物柴油.%The sub/supercritical methanol were used for preparation of biodiesel fuel through alcoholysis of vegetable oils.The reaction conditions were optimized by orthogonal test.The influence of promoter on the transesterification reaction was investigated.The results show that the effect of reaction conditions without promoter on the yield of vegetable oil methyl ester has the following order:LHSV > temperature > alcohol/oil mole ratio > pressure.The addition of promote can significantly lower the reaction temperature and pressure and increase space velocity,and can produce the qualified biodiesel fuel in line with the national standared BD100(GB/T 20828-2007)under these mild conditions.