离心压缩机组振动故障机理、辨识和应对措施

摘要

This paper mainly expounds the generation mechanism of vibrations in centrifugal compressor units.It makes a detailed analysis on the characteristics of common compressor vibrations such as rotor unbalance and misalignment produced by rotor design, manufacture or use, half-speed whirl and oil whip induced by high speed hydrodynamic bearings, labyrinth seal fluid-induced vibration, surge, and so forth.Besides, corresponding prevention and countermeasures are put forward from the aspects of compressor design, engineering design and compressor operation.This provides guidance for designers and operators.%文章主要阐述了离心式压缩机机组常见振动问题的产生机理,对转子设计、制造或使用过程中产生的不平衡或不对中、高速滑动轴承诱发的半速涡动和油膜振荡、迷宫密封带来的流体激振、喘振等压缩机常见的振动故障表现特征进行了详细分析,并从压缩机本体设计、工程设计、压缩机操作等方面提出了相应的预防和应对措施,为设计、操作人员提供指导.