首次对中国海洋药用生物濒危珍稀物种及其资源状况进行了调查和评价.结果显示,中国海洋药用生物及具有药用开发价值的海洋生物物种被列入濒危或保护物种的达235种,濒危比率达14.0%.极危物种9种,濒危物种112种,易危物种88种,近危物种5种,珍稀物种1种;其中,国家一级保护动物10种,国家二级保护动物44种.过度开发利用和海洋环境恶化是造成海洋野生药用生物濒危的主要原因.加强海洋自然保护区和海洋特别保护区的建设是保护海洋药用生物物种多样性和遏制资源衰退的有效途径.%The states of endangered and rare species of marine medicinal organisms in China were investigated and evaluated for the first time by field survey and data analysis together with literature data. It revealed that up to 235 species of marine medicinal organisms in China are in the Red List Categories and as protected species, including 9 critically endangered species, 112 endangered species, 88 vulnerable species, 5 near threatened species and 1 rare species, with an endangered rate of 14.0%. Among the endangered medicinal organisms, the species belonging to national protected animal categories Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 10 and 44, respectively. Over-fishing, pollution and other anthropogenic activities have resulted in the destruction of marine bioresources, especially acute degradation of biodiversity of marine medicinal animals. The feasible strategies for conservation of biodiversities and bioresources of Chinese marine medicinal species should be to improve the construction and management of marine natural reserves system as well as marine special reserves.
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