罐装薯片包装的生命周期评价

摘要

对罐装薯片包装进行了生命周期评价,包括从原材料的获取、生产加工,工厂、消费者的运输,到包装容器的使用、二次回收使用,废弃物处理等包装的生命周期环节,对其能量消耗、环境影响等进行了评价.分析结果表明:纸铝塑复合包装的环境负荷主要体现在原材料的获取阶段,集中在燃料能源的消耗,其中纸材料加工的环境负荷要大于塑料与铝;填埋、焚烧、再利用这3种处置方式对环境的影响主要集中在化石燃料的消耗、土地占用和无机物对人体的损害上.因此,在维持现有结构的情况下,实行材料减量化和容器轻量化是提高包装环保适性最直接、有效的途径.%The life cycle assessment(LCA) of canned potato chip packaging was conducted covering the phases of acquisition and processing of raw materials, transportation from manufactures to consumers, use of packaging containers, recycling and waste disposal etc., with the energy consumption and environmental impact also being evaluated. The conclu-sion showed: environmental impact of the composite packaging is mainly in the material acquisition phase, i.e. the fuel consumption. The environmental impact of paper processing is much greater than those of plastic and aluminum. The impact of three disposal methods of landfill, incineration and recycling were focused on fossil fuel consumption, land occupation and inorganic substances damage to human body. Therefore, material reduction and container lightweight are the most direct and effective ways to improving packaging environmental adaptability while maintaining the existing structure.