美国北极战略的新动向及其影响

摘要

2013 is the year when American government implemented its Arctic strategy with greatest efforts. It was the remedial measure made by the White House and the Pentagon when they realized U.S.lagged behind other Arctic nations in Arctic affairs.As for“the new frontier of Arctic”,the Obama Administration will carry out “turn to the North”policy,in order to get free navigation of the Northwestern and Northeast-ern passages and the control of the Arctic affairs.Although the U.S.is in the phase of contraction,the new trends of U.S.would certainly affect the Arctic geo-politics and geo-economics,even the regional gov-ernance of the Arctic.%2013年是美国政府实施北极战略力度最大的一年，这是白宫和五角大楼日益认识到其在北极事务上严重落后于其他北极国家而做出的补救措施。对于北极这个充满希望的“新边疆”，奥巴马政府将推行“向北看”外交，在北极投入更多的精力和资源，以争取东北、西北航道的自由航行权和北极事务的主导权。尽管美国步入战略收缩期，其北极新战略的落实还将面临诸多障碍，但美国这一新变化必将给北极地缘政治、经济乃至地区治理产生重大影响，这值得我们去分析和预判。