社区绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的健康教育

摘要

目的 普及和加强社区内绝经后妇女对骨质疏松的认知和预防.方法 我科于2015年6月至2016年5月对来自广东省深圳市罗湖区社区的802名绝经骨质疏松妇女进行社区教育,年龄为52~69岁,平均为(60.0±8.9)岁.教育内容包括:①骨质疏松症的知识;②合理饮食和营养;③加强身体锻炼;④保持规律生活和健康习惯;⑤防治剧烈的肢体冲击和配备拐杖.结果 802名绝经骨质疏松妇女在经过关于骨质疏松的普及教育后,情况均有所好转:①骨质疏松诊断标准认知率由11.97%提高到69.82%(P<0.05);②预防认知率从14.96%提升到87.78%(P<0.05);③治疗方法认知率由4.98%提高到60.84%(P<0.05);④对危险因素的意识由9.97%提高到78.80%(P<0.05);⑤社区妇女在饮食营养、锻炼、规律服药和自我保护(配拐杖)等认知均有显著变化(P<0.05).结论 本研究的社区教育取得了较好的效果.今后应加强社区教育,科学的认知、预防和治疗骨质疏松,提高骨质疏松绝经后妇女的生存质量.%Objective To popularize and strengthen the recognition and protection of osteoporosis in communal postmenopausal women. Methods A serials of education were performed on the communal post-menopausal women (n=802, age of 60.0 ± 8.9 years old) from Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong province. The contents included the study of the etiology of osteoporosis, the diet and nutrition, the physical excise, the living habit and healthy life, and the protection of trauma and use of crutch. Results Compared the pre-education to post-education, the rate of the recognition of osteoporosis diagnosis was increased from 11.97%to 69.82%(P<0.05), the rate of the recognition of osteoporosis protection was increased from 14.96%to 87.78%(P<0.05), the rate of the recognition of osteoporosis treatment was increased from 4.98% to 60.84% (P<0.05), and the rate of the recognition of osteoporotic risk was increased from 9.97% to 78.80% (P<0.05). Additionally, there was significant difference in diet, excise, medication and self-guard (P<0.05). Con-clusion Communal education is beneficial and it is necessary to strengthen the serials of content in the knowledge, protection and treatment of osteoporosis to increase the quality of life.