基于磁记忆的海上钻柱损伤监控技术研究

摘要

钻柱疲劳断裂等事故会严重影响海上钻井作业的安全.对钻柱损伤检测方法进行分析,提出磁记忆方法适合用于现场钻柱损伤实时检测.通过室内试验研究,确定磁记忆信号切向分量梯度最大值可用来表征钻柱损伤状态.结合海洋石油钻井特点,研制了一套基于磁记忆的海上钻柱损伤实时监控系统.该系统在起钻过程中对钻柱接头-管体进行一体化检测,不影响起钻速度.通过试验井抽样检测试验,缺陷检出率达100％,并在中海油南海某油田成功应用2口井.基于磁记忆的海上钻柱损伤监控技术研究为海洋石油高效安全开发提供了技术支持.%During offshore drilling,drill string fatigue failure will seriously affect the safety of offshore drilling.The drilling string damage detection method is analyzed in this paper,and it is proposed that magnetic memory method is suitable for real-time detection of drill string damage.Through laboratory test,the maximum gradient of the magnetic memory signal can be used to describe the damage state of drill string.Considering the characteristics of offshore drilling,the offshore drill string damage monitoring system based on magnetic memory is developed.Once the system detects the drill string joint and body,it does not affect the tripping out speed.Through the experiment well sampling test,the detection rate can reach to 100％,and in CNOOC Nanhai oilfield successfully applied in 2 wells.The research on monitoring technology of offshore drill string damage based on magnetic memory provides technical support for efficient and safe development of offshore oil.