推靠式和指向式旋转导向工具的造斜性能研究

摘要

旋转导向工具是目前最先进的定向工具,对旋转导向工具造斜性能的研究有助于旋转导向的研制和应用.通过分析钻头在侧向力和转角作用下的导向机理,结合钻头的性质和旋转导向的原理,对两种工具的导向性能进行了分析.分析结果表明:推靠式旋转导向系统需要侧向攻击性能强的钻头与之匹配,可以准确快速地调节井眼轨迹,在软地层和小钻压条件下可以达到较高的造斜率；指向式旋转导向系统适合于长保径钻头以引导钻压指向钻头转角方向,其造斜效果受其他因素影响较小,造斜率稳定,井眼轨迹可预测性好.实际旋转导向工具的使用证实了上述分析结果.%Rotary steering tools are the most advanced steering tools currently. Study on the deflection ability of rotary steering systems (RSS) is useful for the development and application of RSS. The mechanism of bit steering was analyzed under bit lateral force and the angle, based on which, the deflection ability of two kinds of RSS were optimized. The result showed that the backup type RSS should be matched with side aggressive bit to quickly and accurately adjust the trajectory, so it performed well in soft formation with small weight on bit (WOB). Long gauge protection bit was fit for directional RSS so that the WOB could be guided to the direction of bit angle, and the RSS had steady deflection rate and the well trajectory was predictable. The applications of RSS verified the analysis results.