海湾扇贝南部亚种（Argopecten irradians concentricus）选育系F5的生长及SSR分析

摘要

Production performance were compared and 11 SSR primers were used to detect the genetic diversity and genetic divergence between the F5 selected line and the control line of Argopecten irradians concentricus. The results showed that, the production performance of the selected line increased significantly at the shell height, shell length, shell breath, total weight, shell weight, fresh weight, adductor weight, adductor rate, survival rate, yield per cage and other traits to the control line by 17.02%, 16.67%, 15.02%, 43.71%, 35.86%, 58.74%, 81.18%, 29.46%, 17.94% and 69.47% respec- tively. The average number of alleles （Na）, average effective numbers of alleles （Ne）, average observed heterozygosity （Ho）, average expected heterozygosity （He） and the average of polymorphism information content （PIC） for the selected line were 3.2727, 2.3366, 0.3152, 0.5326 and 0.4622, respectively. Whereas the values ofNa, Ne, Ho, He and PIC for the con- trol line were 3.3636, 2.3203, 0.3545, 0.5441 and 0.4693, respectively. The genetic distances （Dxy） and the genetic differ- entiation （Fst） between selected line and the control line were 0.1161 and 0.0465 （P〈0.05） respectively. The results sug- gested that the production performance of the selected line was much better than that of the control line, however, the genetic diversity were lower than that of the control line, and significant genetic divergence were detected between the two lines, there were great genetic progress of the F5 selected line. However, the F5 selected line still having high levels of genetic diversity, which provides space for further selection.%采用现场测量和11对微卫星标记引物对海湾扇贝南部亚种选育系F5与普通养殖群体的生产性能、遗传差异及遗传多样性现状进行分析。结果表明：在生产性能上，选育系的壳高、壳长、壳宽、体重、壳重、软体重、肉柱重、肉柱率、成活率和笼产量等性状较对照组分别提高了17．02％、16．67％、15．02％、43．71％、35．86％、58．74％、81．18％、29．46％、17．94％和69．47％。在遗传差异的SSR分析上，选育系和普通群体的平均等位基因数（Na）、平均有效等位基因数（Ne）、平均观测杂合度（风）、平均期望杂合度（峨）、多态信息含量（PIC）分别为3．2727、3．3636；2．3366、2．3203；0．3152、0．3545；0．5326、0．5441；0．4622、0．4693；群体间遗传距离（Dxy）为0．1161，遗传分化指数（只。）为0．0465。结果表明，选育系生产性能明显优于普通群体，遗传多样性指数较普通群体有所降低，两群体间出现了显著的遗传分化，选育系F，获得了显著的遗传进展。同时，选育系群体仍具有较高的遗传多样性，为进一步的选育利用提供了空间。