急危重症病人压疮风险预测的大样本特性分析

摘要

Objective:To probe into the sensitivity, specificity and critical value of Braden pressure ulcers risk prediction in acute critical patients.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study, in which the risk assessment and factor analysis of pressure ulcers were performed in 1 547 ICU patients sampled in the objective group within 24 hours after admission.Results:During hospitalization, the incidence of pressure ulcers was 12.09％.The risk score of Braden pressure ulcers was 6～18 (12.30±1.44) .When the critical value of pressure ulcers risk assessment table was 11 or 12, the sensitivity respectively was 34.6％and 66.9％, the specificity respectively was 75.9％ and 43.4％.And the critical degree of the disease was 19.5 or 20.5, the sensitivity respectively was 62.3％ and 56.2％, and the specificity respectively was 49.9％ and 56.8％.Conclusions:The risk assessment table of pressure ulcers could be used to predict the risk of pressure ulcers in patients with acute and critical illness.However, it is necessary to further improve the evaluation index quantitative evaluation criteria;patients′age, length of stay and degree of critical illness should be taken into account to predict the risk of pressure ulcers.%[目的]探讨急危重症病人应用Braden压疮风险预测的敏感性、特异性及判断临界值.[方法]本研究为横断面描述性研究, 对目的抽样的1 547例重症监护室 (ICU) 病人在入院24h内进行压疮风险评估及因素分析.[结果]住院期间压疮发生率为12.09％.Braden压疮风险评分为6～18 (12.30±1.44) 分.压疮风险评估表的临界值为11分或12分时, 敏感性分别为34.6％、66.9％, 特异性分别为75.9％、43.4％.疾病危重程度评分≥19.5分或20.5分为临界值时, 敏感性分别为62.3％、56.2％, 特异性分别为49.9％、56.8％.[结论]压疮风险评估表可用于预测急危重症病人压疮风险, 但需进一步完善评价指标、量化评判标准;病人的年龄、住院天数和疾病危重程度均应纳入预测压疮发生风险考量.