脑梗死照顾者的健康素养与脑梗死患者康复效果的关系分析

摘要

Objective: To explore the relation between the rehabilitation effect of cerebral infarction patients and the health literacy level of their caretakers . Methods:A total of 100 cerebral infarction patients (and their main caretakers) admitted into our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.According to the"Health literacy of Chinese citizens -66 items of basic knowledge, concept and skill (tentative)", the health literacy level of main caretakers for cerebral infarction was assessed as follows: high level ( >80 scores); low level (≤80 scores).The daily life /activity ability of patients was evaluated through the modified Barthel index (MBI); the motor function of patients was evaluated through the Fugel -Meyer scale (FMA); and the influencing factors for health literacy of main caretakers were analyzed.Results: Among 100 main caretakers, 47 and 53 cases were at a high and low level of health literacy respective-ly.At discharge, the FMA and MBI score of caretakers at a high level of health literacy was significantly higher than that at a low level (P <0.05).The FMA and MBI score of caretakers was positively correlated to the high level of health literacy of caretakers (P <0.05).The health literacy of main caretak-ers was influenced by their following factors: function of family, response way to diseases (i.e.confronting and obeyed), assessment of response (health problem, disturbance of time schedule, no support of family and self -respect), and screening of nutritional risk.As shown by the multiple factor analysis of above influencing factors, the intimate family relation and active confronting were protective factors and positively correlated to the high level of health lit -eracy(P <0.05); the disturbance of time schedule and the nutritional risk of ≥3 scores were risk factors and negatively correlated to the high level of health literacy(P <0.05).Conclusion: The response of main caretakers for cerebral infarction is closely relevant to the handling way of diseases .The good health literacy and response of main caretakers can facilitate the rehabilitation of patients and improve the efficacy of rehabilitation .%目的:探讨脑梗死照顾者的健康素养与脑梗死患者康复效果的关系.方法 :回顾分析我院收治的100例脑梗死患者及其主要照顾者为研究对象,采用《中国公民健康素养-基本知识与理念、技能66条(试行)》评估脑梗死主要照顾者的健康素养,按照>80分为高健康素养组,≤80分为低健康素养组,采用改良Barthel指数(MBI)评价患者的日常生活活动能力、Fugel-Meyer量表(FMA)评价患者的运动功能,并分析影响主要照顾者健康素养的因素.结果 :100例主要照顾者中高健康素养者47例,低健康素养者53例;出院时高健康素养组患者FMA,MBI评分均显著高于低健康素养组(P<0.05),且患者FMA,MBI评分与照顾者高健康素养呈正相关(P<0.05);主要照顾者家庭功能、疾病应对方式(面对、屈服)、反应评估(健康问题、时间安排受打扰、家庭缺乏支持、自尊)及营养风险筛查均是影响健康素养的因素,对上述影响因素进行多因素分析,显示家庭关系亲密、积极面对是高健康素养的保护因素呈正相关(P<0.05),时间安排受打扰、营养风险筛查≥3分则是高健康素养的危险因素呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 :脑梗死主要照顾者反应与患者疾病应对密切相关,良好的照顾者健康素养、反应有助于患者康复,提高康复疗效.