急诊护士遭受职场暴力后心理干预的效果

摘要

目的 探讨心理干预对急诊护士遭受工作场所暴力后心理健康状况的影响.方法 将2008年1月至2009年3月珠海市3所综合性医院曾遭受过工作场所暴力的60名急诊科护士按发生时间先后分为观察组(N=30)和对照组(N=30),对照组护士给予常规心理护理,干预组护士给予系列心理干预,干预时间为1个月.采用症状自评量表(symptom check list-90,SCL-90),焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)在心理护理前及实施护理后1个月对两组护理人员进行侧评,比较两组人员的SCL-90及SAS、SDS评分情况.结果 经过系列心理干预后,观察组护理人员SCL-90评分高于对照组,其躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、偏执及总分、总均分的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组护理人员的SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 对遭受工作场所暴力后的急诊护士进行系列心理干预能提高其心理健康水平、生活和工作质量,有利于稳定护士队伍.%Objective To explore the influences of psychological intervention on the mental health status of emergency nurses with violence and aggression in health care settings. Methods From January 2008 to March 2009,60 emergency nurses with workplace violence from three comprehensive hospitals in Zhuhai were divided into intervention group(N=30) and control group(N = 30) according to the sequence of the workplace violence. The nurses in the control group had conventional psychological nursing. While the nurses in the intervention group had a series of psychological intervention for a month. Two groups were evaluated with symptom check list-90(SCL-90) ,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) before and one month after the psychological intervention. Comparisons were conducted on the SCL-90 scores of two staff and the SAS,SDS ratings. Results After the psychological nursing and a series of psychological intervention,SCL-90 scores in the intervention group was higher than those in the control group,with significant differences in the somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity, depression, paranoia and the total score, and the total average score(P<0. 05). The SAS and SDS scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion For emergency nurses with violence and aggression in health care settings,a series of psychological intervention can improve their mental health,quality of life and work and stabilize nursing workforce.