人口老龄化的认知和应对：积极的与消极的

摘要

正确认知和积极应对老龄化是老龄事业健康发展的前提。在“消极论”看来，“老龄化即是衰亡”，须提高出生率和“社会化养老”以应对。积极的认知是：老龄化负荷着积极的价值而非“衰亡”，人口数量过多是“心膂之忧”，控制人口对合理年龄结构具优先性；提高出生率无异于“饮鸩止渴”，“社会化养老”则是一个模糊而不宜使用的概念。积极的应对之策是，发展“家庭养老”和“社区服务”，在政府负责、主导下，建立“三结合”的赡养体系和服务体系，“给岁月以生命”并坚持“节制生育”。%To make aware and respond to the problem of aging correctly and actively,is the premise of the healthy development of the aging. A view of “negativism”which thought “aging is the decline”,increased birth rates and “social pension”in response to aging by choice. Positive cognitive is:Aging load a positive value rather than “decline”, the number of overpopulation is of“the heart backbone of concern”to control the population age structure with reasonable priority;increase the birth rate is tanta-mount to“quench a thirst with poison”,“social pension”is a vague concept and should not be used. Active countermeasures is in charge and guidance of the government,to develope“family supporting” and “community service”, establishment of the “three-in-one combination”maintenance system and service system, to “add years to life”and insisted “birth control”.