Using micro-panel data of 3000 rural households from 30 poverty counties in Xinjiang for year 2008-2010 , and controlling the variables of household and village such as household size,the numbers of labor and grain planting area, the paper studies the effect about the size,type and region of labor migration on household income,and further analyzes the effect of labor migration on poverty alleviation. The regression results are mainly as follows:although labor migration size has nega-tive effects on rural household agricultural income,it significantly improves their per capita income and altruistic income. Spontaneous migration and government organization migration significantly increase the rural household income , and sponta-neous migration has a stronger effect;migration outside county within province has the most significant effect on increasing ru-ral household income, followed by migration outside township within county. Migration outside province does not affect rural household income;labor migration size increases the income level of medium income households,but has no effect on poverty alleviation and also has no effect on income level of wealthy households.%本文基于新疆30个贫困县、3000个农户、2008-2010年的微观面板数据，在控制了家庭规模、劳动力数量等家庭特征变量和粮食播种面积等村庄特征变量的前提下，运用固定效应法与工具变量法分别考察了劳动力迁移规模、迁移方式与迁移区位对家庭收入的影响，并进一步分析了劳动力迁移对贫困的缓解效应。回归结果表明：劳动力迁移规模虽然对农户农业收入有负向影响，但显著提高了农户人均收入与利他性收入；自发性迁移与政府组织性迁移方式均能显著提高农户收入，且自发性迁移的作用更强；省内县外迁移对农户收入的提高最为显著，其次为县内乡外迁移，省外迁移不影响农户收入；劳动力迁移规模提高了中等收入农户的收入水平，但对贫困户的贫困无缓解效应，也不影响富裕户的收入水平。
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