Urbanization is the most important structural changes in the modernization drive , and is also an important path to promote backwardness area achieve tremendous and means. To narrow the gap between east and west , and the state of the northwest minority areas urbanization policy support. Settled XingMu “anju enriching people”、“withdraw township building town”、“the home village changed”、“urban renewal” and other series of system arrangement of urbanization, improve the de-velopment of the backward condition,investment environment and living conditions, the northwest minority areas involved in economic, social, cultural and other fields have taken place in dramatic social change. But also face system lack in advance, broken system,system preferences,path dependence,formal system and informal system system conflict caused by such trou-ble,put forward the orientation of urbanization system consummation and change,follow the law of development of urbaniza-tion,steadily promoting urbanization.%城镇化是现代化进程中最重要的结构变迁，也是推动后发地区实现赶超的重要路径和手段。为缩小东西部差距，国家加大对西北民族地区城镇化政策支持。“安居富民”、“定居兴牧”、“撤乡建镇”、“村改居”、“旧城改造”等系列城镇化的制度安排，改善了落后的发展条件、投资环境和生活状况，使西北民族地区发生了涉及经济、社会文化等多个领域剧烈的社会变迁。但推进中也面临着制度缺失、制度失信、制度偏好、路径依赖、正式制度与非正式制度引起的制度冲突等困境，论文提出了城镇化的制度完善与变迁取向。
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