大花蕙兰菌根显微结构及内生真菌的分离与鉴定

摘要

Pot-cultured Cymbidium hybridum was taken as experimental material,the mycorrhizal microstructure was observed with the root tissue slices,the endophytic fungi was isolated and cultivated by the tissue isolation method,and the fungi was identified through the microscopic observation of the mycelium and spore morphology.To lay a foundation in clarification of the interaction mechanism of Cymbidium hybridumand its mycorrhizal fungi.The results showed that the cortex cells were the main colonization position of mycorrhizal fungi.The mycorrhizal fungi invaded into cortex cells mainly by passage cells if the root velamina were integrated.Besides,they could invade into cortex cells by velamina cells if the root velamina were not fully integrated.And 47fungal strains were isolated from the mycorrhizal of pot-cultured Cymbidiumhybridum and 29out of them were identified as Fusariumsp.,18strains were Trichodermasp.The appearance frequencies of Fusarium sp.and Trichoderma sp.were 61.7％ and 38.3％,respectively,indicating that Fusarium was the dominant mycorrhizal fungus of pot-cultured Cymbidiumhybridum.%以盆栽大花蕙兰新生营养根为试材,采用切片法观察菌根的显微结构,利用组织分离法进行内生真菌分离和培养,通过显微观察菌丝体及孢子的形态特征对内生真菌的种属进行了鉴定,以期为明确大花蕙兰与菌根真菌的互作机制提供数据基础.结果表明:皮层细胞是菌根真菌定殖的主要部位,在根被完整的部位,菌根真菌主要通过通道细胞侵入皮层细胞;在根被不完整的部位,菌根真菌可以通过根被细胞侵入到皮层细胞.从大花蕙兰菌根中共分离出47个真菌菌株,其中29个属于镰刀菌(Fusarium),18个属于木霉菌(Trichoderma),出现频率分别为61.7％和38.3％.由此可知,镰刀菌是盆栽大花蕙兰优势菌根真菌.