利用负载氢氧化钙的活性白土与硬脂酸反应,把活性白土的酸性表面改性为亲油表面,得到了一种类似有机膨润土的有机白土.采用单因素分析方法,考察了反应时间、反应温度、硬脂酸添加量和溶剂用量等因素对有机白土有机化含量的影响,并对产品进行了表征及探索性应用.实验结果表明,2.50g负载氢氧化钙白土在硬脂酸用量为2.00 g、环己烷溶剂为50mL、反应时间为2.0h及反应温度为50℃下有机化含量达到36.3%,达到了传统有机土的水平.XRD表征表明,硬脂酸进入了蒙脱石层间,使得层间距增大；SEM扫描表明,蒙脱石发生了部分剥离,得到的产品为片状结构,片的厚度在100nm以内.应用实验发现有机白土可以吸附5.1倍自身重量的柴油.%The reaction of activated clay loaded with calcium hydroxide and stearic acid was used to modify acidic surface of activated clay for oleophylic surface, to get a kind of organic clay similar to organic bentonite. A single factor analysis was carried out in order to maximize the organic content of the product, by optimizing the reaction parameters such as the time of reaction, the temperature of reaction, the amount of stearic acid and the dosage of solvent, and the product had been characterizationed and used for exploration. The experimental results showed that 2.50g of activated clay loaded with calcium hydroxide, 2.00g of stearic acid, 50mL of carrier solvent, the temperature for 50℃ and a reaction time of 2.0h, under these conditions, the organic ignition loss of the product was 36.3%, reached the level of the traditional organic bentonite. XRD characterization showed that the stearic acid anion was intercalated between the layers of activated clay and the layer spacing was expanded. SEM characterization showed that the partial stripping occurred in the bentonite, the product assumed the structure offtake, the thickness of slice was less than l00nm. The application experiment found that the organic clay adsorbed diesel which was 5.1 times the weight of itself.
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