短时有效值包络分析在风机轴承故障诊断中的应用

摘要

提出基于短时有效值计算的包络分析方法，用于提取振动信号中故障引起的周期性冲击成分，实现轴承类故障的快速诊断。将该方法应用于火电厂风机轴承的故障诊断中，合理选择计算参数的条件下，运用短时有效值方法能够准确提取反映周期性故障冲击振动成分的幅值包络，得到故障特征清晰的包络谱。该方法可以应用于火电厂风机这类在复杂环境下工作的旋转机械设备的轴承故障诊断。%A novel envelope analysis approach based on the calculation of short-time effective values was proposed for extracting the amplitude modulation components in bearing vibration signals caused by faults with periodic impact excitements. The approach was used to a bearing fault diagnosis for a power plant fan. The result shows that the amplitude envelope of the vibration signal with faults can be exactly extracted with the short-time effective value approach by using suitable calculation parameters. Therefore the envelope spectrum can be obtained for the precise identification of the fault type in complicated machines and measuring environment.