The current research status of carbon material and the future development tendency in the energy storage and conversion fields are reviewed. Carbon demonstrates many excellent physical and chemical properties owing to its unique structures and morphology. It has been widely used in energy storage and conversion devices. Carbon is a key material of catalyst supports,bipolar plates and gas diffusion layers in fuel cells, transparent conductive films and as a core material to form the carbon-silicon or all carbon p-n heterojunctions in solar cells. Carbon is also a significantly important electrode material in lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. Moreover , Carbon has wide applications in the fields of heat storage, gas storage, nuclear energy, wind energy, and so on. It is suggested that carbon might be developed to be nano-structured and ordered in composites so that its performance in energy storage and conversion can be improved by functionalization and controlled synthesis.%通过评述炭材料在能量储存和转化领域的研究和发展现状,如:炭材料是燃料电池重要的催化剂载体、双极板和气体扩散层材料,也是太阳能电池构建碳-硅PN结、全碳PN结以及透明导电膜的核心材料,锂离子电池和超级电容器的关键电极材料.另外,炭材料在气体存储、蓄能蓄热、核能、风能等领域也具有重要的应用.认为:炭材料形态结构多样性及其所具有的诸多优异物理和化学特性,是其在能量储存和转化领域中广泛应用的根本.提出:炭材料必须向纳米化、有序化、复合化方向发展,实现功能炭材料的可控制备、纳米结构调控、复合材料的优化设计与制备对能量转化和存储器件升级,炭材料必将获得更加广阔的发展和应用空间.
展开▼
