基于RCM的LNG动力船营运风险预控

摘要

以液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)作为燃料的LNG动力船的安全营运问题是当前的研究热点.针对计划预防维修管理模式存在的问题及船用LNG和船舶的高可靠性的特点,提出基于可靠性维修方法的LNG动力船安全分析,进行船用LNG和船舶的系统划分及风险评价;阐述可靠性维修方法,将其应用于风险逻辑决断分析中,确定以风险为中心(Risk-Centred Measure,RCM)的LNG动力船故障失效控制方式,进而确立相应的LNG动力船风险预控方案.应用结果表明:LNG动力船的安全性主要表现为LNG泄漏所引发的风险,加强LNG系统维护是提高LNG动力船安全营运的主要手段.RCM方法应用于LNG动力船安全性风险预控,有利于提升LNG动力船营运中的操作安全性.%With the growing environmental concern,clean fuel,such as,LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is walking into the shipping industry.The safety of LNG-fueled ships has attracted attention of the industry.Focusing on the unresolved issues in planned preventive maintenance management,the Reliablilty-Centred Maintenance method to LNG-fueled ships is introdmced and performs safety analysis accordingly.A systemic classification and risk assessment of the ship and the LNG shipping fuels are made.A solution of risk control for LNG-fueled ships is established through defining RCM (Risk-Centred Measure) for malfunctioning LNG-fueled ships in accordance with RCM logic decision analysis.The analysis indicates that the leakage of LNG is the major cause of safety issues.Emphasizing LNG system maintenance is the primary approach to improve the safety.