钙盐对磷钾模拟伴生矿中钾溶出率的影响

摘要

The experimental simulation of the phosphorus and potassium calcium salt and sulfuric acid leaching ore is studied in the system of the potassium leaching rate of the whole experiment process using control variable method,first through several experimental studies of raw material ratio,the dosage of sulfuric acid,ammonium fluoride dosage,reaction time and reaction temperature,to determine the optimal reaction conditions,the final study to determine the phosphorus and potassium ore 2 simulated g as raw material,sulfuric acid (70％)5 mL,ammonium fluoride amount(8％)of 0.30 g,the reaction time is 120 min,the reaction temperature is 140 degrees.Then the conditions were adding a certain amount of calcium fluoride,calcium chloride and calcium sulfate in three groups of experiments.Conclusions were obtained:adding three calcium potassium salt dissolution rate increased,and adding calcium sulfate potassium when the highest dissolution rate.In order to prove the correctness of above conclusion,the experimental XRD profiles were added to three kinds of calcium salt and calcium salt was added through the analysis,obtained three kinds of calcium salts were added before and after the reaction of insoluble species have obvious change,namely the material contained potassium insoluble calcium into almost insoluble,further proved that fluoride is beneficial to the dissolution of potassium ion,calcium salt and potassium fluoride than more conducive to digestion.%本试验研究磷钾模拟伴生矿与硫酸共浸的体系中钙盐对钾溶出率的影响,整个试验过程均采用控制变量法,首先通过多次试验研究原料配比、硫酸用量、氟化铵用量、反应时间和反应温度,目的确定最佳的反应条件,最终研究确定了磷钾模拟伴生矿2.0g作为原料,硫酸用量(70％)5 mL,氟化铵用量(8％)0.30 g,反应时间120 min,反应温度140℃.然后在此条件下分别加入一定量的氟化钙、氯化钙和硫酸钙做三组对比试验,试验得到结论:分别加入三种钙盐钾的溶出率均有所提高,且加入硫酸钙时钾的溶出率最高.为证明以上结论的正确性,本试验通过分析未添加钙盐及分别添加三种钙盐的XRD图谱,得到分别添加三种钙盐反应前后不溶物种类有明显变化,即原料中含钾的不溶物几乎变为含钙不溶物,进一步证明了氟有利于钾离子的溶出,而钙盐比氟更有利于钾离子的溶出.