调控滋养血管新生稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块的中西医治疗进展

摘要

动脉粥样硬化(Atherosclerosis,AS)病变的主要临床危险在于斑块的不稳定性、易损性.斑块内新生滋养血管(Vasa Vasorum,VV)具有结构缺陷,其脆性大、渗漏性高,容易破裂出血,促进炎症反应,也为血细胞及血液可溶性成分进入斑块提供通道,促进AS斑块的形成,并且与斑块内出血、斑块破裂及临床心脑血管事件的发生密切相关.深入研究VV的功能及关键信号途径在AS中的作用,有望从根本上阻止稳定斑块发展为易损斑块,或者阻止不稳定斑块破裂及其并发症的发生.本文将新生VV在AS形成中的作用与机制以及相关治疗作一综述,以期为稳定AS易损斑块提供理论依据.%The major clinical risk of atherosclerosis (AS) lesion is instability and vulnerability of plaque.Intraplaque vasa vasorum (VV) has structure defects with the characteristics of immature,irregular,fragile,and prone to extravasation and intraplaque hemorrhage due to the compromised structural integrity.It stimulates inflammatory reaction and provides channel for hemocyte and blood soluble composition entering into the plaque.Intraplaque VV can promote AS plaque formation and is closely related to the intraplaque hemorrhage,plaque rupture and occurrence of clinical cardiovascular events.In-depth study of VV function and key signaling pathways related to AS pathological process are promising to fundamentally prevent vulnerable plaque development,unstable plaque rupture and its complications.This article summarized the effect and mechanism of VV in pathological process of AS and related treatment,in order to provide theoretical basis for stabilization of AS vulnerable plaque.