基于SP方法的重庆居民轨道交通出行时间价值及影响因素分析

摘要

出行时间价值（Value of Travel Time. VOTT）对于城市交通设施建设和交通政策的经济价值评估和政策决策具有重要的作用。国外学术界已对VOTT内涵、影响因素及计算方法、模型、案例应用等方面进行了较多研究，但国内这方面的研究还较少见，处于国外理论借鉴学习阶段。本文运用意愿偏好法（Stated Preference. SP）计算原理，然后通过SP调查法的问卷调查，以重庆市轨道交通出行人群为例进行实证研究，研究结果表明：重庆市居民轨道交通出行的平均VOTT为9.29元/h；出行时间价值受收入水平、出行时段、性别等因素影响显著；收入水平较高，通勤性、商务性、高峰期出行人群，其时间价值相对较高；男性出行时间价值略高于女性。%The Value of Travel Time (VOTT) refers to the cost of time spent on transport. The research about the VOTT can be divided in three periods:arisen, fast developing period and deeply research period. A great number of authorities and scholars over the world have worked on it for many years with foci on its conception, inlfuence factor, methodology and its application on evaluation of the transportation infrastructure and policies. Some countries such as America, Britain, France, Singapore and Australia have worked out its natives’ value of travel time. But in China, few research were held except in Beijing and Tianjin. In this paper, we chose Chongqing city as an example for an empirical research by the SP survey and multiple regression model. The result showed that the average VOT of the rail transportation in Chongqing city is 9.29 Yuan per hour. We argued that the value of travel time of the rail transportation in Chongqing city has some relationships with the level of commuters’ income, travel time and gender.