空地地一体化的全方位准动态地铁施工安全监测技术

摘要

In view of common characteristic of local extremely complicated and serious ground subsidence in soft soil area, SGU technology (space-ground-underground comprehensive integration nearly dynamic monitoring technology for subway construction security) was put forward, and technology system of SGU has been constructed. The core of SGU is a three- dimensional space benchmarks of deformation monitoring by GPS technology (used for surface deformation monitoring and underground deformation monitoring. It can overcome systematic deviation of deformation monitoring data of traditional land- based benchmark by caused of ground settlement in soft soil area. It still can realize round-the-clock, real-time change and dynamic deformation monitoring of subway construction) . Integral design of safety monitoring of SGU is based on city basic geological database(it improved the pertinence, reliability and validity of subway construction safety monitoring). Important discriminant factor of construction safety of SGU is nearly real-time and nearly dynamic monitoring results of stress and strain of underground structure. Key discriminant factor of urban environmental security of SGU is nearly real-time and nearly dynamic monitoring results of ground deformation under the function of subway construction. SGU can achieve the all-round, real-time operation, nearly dynamic control for safety of subway construction.%鉴于软土地区土性的极端复杂和地面沉降严重的普遍特征，提出了“空（天空）～地（地面）～地（地下）”一体化的全方位准动态地铁施工安全监测思想，构建起了相应的技术体系（即全方位准动态集成技术）。软土地区地铁施工安全监测全方位准动态集成技术的核心是借助GPS技术建立三维的空基变形监测基准（用于地表变形监测和地下变形监测。该空基变形监测基准可以克服传统陆基基准因软土地区地面沉降而对变形监测数据产生的系统性偏差，还可实现地铁施工变形监测的全天候、实时化与动态化），以城市基础地质资料库作为安全监测整体性设计的依据（提高了地铁施工安全监测的针对性、可靠性与有效性），以准实时、准动态的地下结构应力应变监测结果作为施工安全性的重要判别要素，以准实时、准动态的地面变形监测结果作为地铁施工作用下城市环境安全性的关键判别要素，实现对地铁施工安全的全方位、实时化、准动态控制。