合理使用抗生素对减少儿童反复呼吸道感染的研究

摘要

Objective To provide the scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of RRTIs , the re-lated factors RRTIs in infants of Guangdong and rational administration were analyzed .This study was aimed to inves-tigate the iatrogenic factor in children's RRTIs.Methods Anterior-posterior 12 months special-purpose set in or-der antibiotic , and the incidence of Upper respiratory tract infection and Bronchitis and Pneumonic in 2 227 cases with RRTIs were compared and analyzed .Results After special-purpose set in order antibiotics , significant differ-ence was noted in incidence rate of Upper respiratory tract infection and Bronchitis in RRTIS <3 years old .No sig-nificant difference was noted in incidence rate of Pneumonic in RRTIS <3 years old .No significant difference was noted in incidence rate of Upper respiratory tract infection and Bronchitis and Pneumonic in RRTIs >3 years old. Conclusion Infants <3 years old are susceptible to viral infection , and irrational use of antibiotics have side effects.After special-purpose set in order antibiotics , antibiotics toxicity reduces .Incidence rate of Upper respirato-ry tract infection and Bronchitis decrease in infants <3 years old .%目的：为了给防治儿童反复呼吸道感染（ RRTIs）提供依据，笔者研究广东珠三角地区学龄前儿童RRTIs与合理使用抗生素的内在关系，重点研究医源性因素。方法研究抗生素专项整治前后12个月，2227例反复呼吸道感染儿童患上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、肺炎的发病率。结果在抗生素调控之后3岁以下婴幼儿上呼吸道感染和支气管炎的发病率减少有显著性差异；3岁以下婴幼儿肺炎的发病率改变无显著性差异；3岁以上儿童患上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、肺炎的发病率改变均无显著性差异。结论小于3岁的婴幼儿多以病毒感染为主，不合理使用抗生素有副作用，规范合理使用抗生素以来，抗生素产生的毒副作用减少了，小于3岁的婴幼儿患上呼吸道感染和支气管炎的发病率也有所减少。