太阳能电池效率的影响因素分析

摘要

太阳能电池作为光伏发电系统的核心单元，其能量转换效率和成本的高低直接影响光伏发电系统的应用。如何提高效率，降低成本是光伏技术工作者的核心任务之一。太阳能电池的转换效率是由其输出参数开路电压、短路电流和填充因子决定的。通过分析材料的禁带宽度、少数载流子寿命、表面复合、温度、寄生电阻等对其输出参数的影响规律，最终得到其对太阳能电池效率的影响规律，并针对性地提出提高效率的方法，对太阳能电池的发展与应用将具有一定的推动作用。%Solar cell as the core unit in photovoltaic power generation system. Its energy conversion efficiency and cost di⁃rectly affects the application of photovoltaic power generation system. How to improve efficiency and reduce costs is one of the core tasks of photovoltaic technology workers. Conversion efficiency of the solar cell is determined by its output parameters (open circuit voltage,short circuit current and fill factor). According to the analysis on influence of material band gap,life of minority carriers,temperature and parasitic resistance on output parameters,the rule that influence the efficiency of solar cells was obtained. The methods to improve the efficiency of solar cells are proposed. This will have a certain role in the development and applications of solar cells.