基于剩余能量和覆盖率感知的分簇协议

摘要

The most fundamental target of the wireless sensor network(WSN)application is to preserve the coverage of the target area. Therefore,the design of the energy efficient algorithm to cover the time to the maximum extent is the central prob⁃lem of the large⁃scale network. The distributed⁃energy and coverage aware routing(DECAR)protocol is proposed to realize the target of maximum network coverage. The CH(cluster head)election is based on the residual energy and coverage overlapping degree of the nodes,so the node with high residual energy and high coverage overlapping degree has more opportunity to be⁃come the CH. The problem of reducing network lifetime is avoided,which is caused by the node premature failure when the node with less residual energy becomes the CH. The network energy consumption is balanced. In data transmission stage,the data transmission backbone composed of the CHs was constructed to improve the data transmission rate. The simulation results show that the proposed DECAR protocol has longer network lifetime and wider coverage rate than those of the CPCP⁃ea and EEUC pro⁃tocols.%保持目标区域的覆盖是无线传感网络（WSN）应用的最根本目标，因此，设计能量有效算法进而最大化覆盖时间成为大型网络的核心问题。为此，提出分布式、能量和覆盖感知路由（DECAR）协议实现网络覆盖最大化的目标。在簇头（CH）选举中，考虑节点的剩余能量和节点的覆盖重叠度，使得具有较高的剩余能量节点、覆盖重叠度高的节点有更多的机会成为CH，进而避免了剩余能量较小的节点成为CH而产生节点过早失效使网络寿命缩短的问题，平衡了网络能量消耗。在数据传输阶段，构建由CH组成的数据传输主干线，提高数据传输效率。仿真结果表明，与CPCP⁃ea，EEUC协议相比，提出的DECAR协议具有较长的网络寿命和良好的数据覆盖率。