硅线石的综合利用进展

摘要

Sillimanite is a high alumina mineral raw material.It can decompose mullite and SiO2 at high temperature,and has a certain volume expansion.Sillimanite is usually as a main raw material or as a raw material added into products to offset the shrink caused by matrix or sintering,so local stress is limited,crack is prevented and blunted,thermal shock resistance of products is improved,mechanical spalling is reduced, performance of products is improved,and service life of products is extended.Sillimanite has the characteristics of stably chemical properties,good thermal shock resistance,high refractoriness,and good mechanical strength, etc.Sillimanite can be used as raw materials for ceramics,refractory,synthesis of mullite,welding materials, friction materials,and is widely used in the field of metallurgy,chemical industry,ceramics,glass,etc. According to the investigated results of sillimanite used in ceramics,shaped refractories,monolithic refracoties, and other used fields,the progress on utilization of sillimanite has been systematically introduced in this paper.%硅线石是一种高铝矿物原料，在高温下分解产生莫来石和二氧化硅，同时伴随一定的体积膨胀，因此以硅线石为主要原料的制品或将硅线石添加到其他制品中，利用其体积膨胀效应可以有效抵消制品在高温烧成过程中产生的体积收缩，限制了局部应力，阻止和钝化了裂纹的产生，提高了制品的抗热震性，减小了机械剥落，从而提高了制品的性能，延长了制品的使用寿命。硅线石还具有化学性质稳定、抗热震性好、耐火度高、机械强度好等特点。硅线石可作为陶瓷、耐火材料、合成莫来石、焊接材料、摩擦材料等的原料使用。硅线石被广泛应用于冶金、化工、陶瓷、玻璃等领域。本文根据硅线石在陶瓷、定形耐火材料、不定形耐火材料以及其他一些领域应用的相关报道文献加以汇总，系统地介绍了硅线石的综合利用进展情况。