软煤岩巷道锚杆支护及固压作用机理探索与实践

摘要

为解决松藻矿区M8煤层软煤岩巷道支护问题，首先探讨了锚杆在围岩中的锚固机理，认为径向锚固力来源于锚固段与孔壁的紧配合摩擦力，并给出了计算紧配合摩擦力公式。其次探讨了锚杆支护固压作用机理，认为锚杆之所以能够支护巷道，是锚杆固压作用的结果；并提出了锚杆固压作用机理下的基本观点。最后提出了锚杆支护的12字原则：固得牢，压得住，控得早，协调变。该支护理论有效地解决了松藻矿区软煤岩巷道支护难题。%In order to solve the supporting problem of soft coal and rock roadways in Songzao Coal Min‐ing Area ,firstly ,anchorage mechanism of anchored bar in surrounding rock is discussed ,it is thought that radial anchorage force comes from a tight fit friction between the anchorage section and the bore‐hole wall ,and the calculation formula of tight fit friction is given.Secondly ,bolt supporting and fix-pressure mechanism is discussed ,it is thought that the reason of bolt supporting the roadways is the result of bolt fix-pressure action ,and some basic view points under bolt fix-pressure mechanism are brought forward. Finally ,bolt supporting principles are put forward ,i .e.“fixed firmly ,compressed firmly ,control early and coordinate deformation”. The new supporting theory has effectively solved the supporting problem of soft coal and rock roadways in Songzao Coal Mining Area .