空军招飞学员视力与对比敏感度关系的研究

摘要

目的 分析招飞学员群体中视力与对比敏感度(contrast sensitivity,CS)的关系,并探讨在招飞选拔体检工作中应用对比敏感度检查的可能性.方法 检查招飞学员对比敏感度函数(contrast sensitivity function,CSF)值,将符合纳入标准的98例样本按视力1.0为标准分为两组,比较4种空间频率(3、6、12、18 cpd)、3种状态(明视、暗视、暗视+眩光)的CSF值.结果 两组在不同状态、不同空间频率的CSF值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);在各空间频率下,明视与暗视状态下的CSF值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05＝,暗视与暗视+眩光状态下的CSF值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 部分招飞学员视力表检查结果正常,而CSF值出现异常,特别是在高空间频率段的明暗分辨率下降.现行招飞选拔体检标准无法筛选这些学员,可以尝试增加中高空间频率下暗视的CSF值作为招飞体检的指标.%Objective To analyze the relationship between visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (CS) in flying cadets, and to discuss the possibility of applying CS test in pilot selection . Methods Ninety-eight samples who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups according to their visual acuity ( distant vision ≥ 1. 0 or 0. 8 ≤ distant vision < 1. 0 ). The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) values of the different groups checked under 4 spatial frequencies(3,6,12 and 18 cpd ) and 3 statuses(photopic, scotopic, scotopic plus glare) were compared. Results There were no significant differences in CSF values between the two groups under different spatial frequency or light conditions (P >0.05). There were significant differences in CSF values between the photopic group and scotopic group under different spatial frequency ( P < 0.05) , but no significant differences in CSF values were found between the scotopic group and scotopic plus glare group (P >0.05). Conclusion Some of the flying cadets may have normal visual acuity and abnormal CSF values , especially under the middle to high spatial frequency. Since the current physical examination standard of pilot selection fails in this aspect, we may select the CSF values at mid -high spatial frequency and under scotopic conditions as an index .