高频超声在膝骨关节疾病诊断及治疗中的应用价值

摘要

目的：探讨高频超声在膝骨关节疾病的诊断及治疗中的临床应用价值。方法选择80例膝骨关节疾病患者，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组40例。对照组行X线检查，采用解剖定位方法进行注药治疗；观察组行高频超声检查，在超声引导下行穿刺抽液注射术治疗，比较两组患者关节病变诊出情况、依从性穿刺成功率、并发症及治疗前、后两组患者的积液深度、视觉模拟评分（VAS）及WOMAC骨关节炎指数。结果观察组总检出率为95．0％，明显高于对照组的42．5％（P＜0．05），且在关节软骨回声改变、滑膜增厚、软骨变薄等方面的诊出情况明显高于对照组（P＜0．05）；观察组一次性穿刺成功率为100．0％，明显高于对照组的47．5％（ P＜0．05），观察组未出现因操作导致的并发症，并发症发生率明显低于对照组（ P＜0．05）；治疗3周后，观察组患者的积液深度、VAS评分、WOMAC骨关节炎指数均明显低于对照组（ P＜0．05）。结论高频超声能够准确、及时地将膝骨关节病变、积液、软骨情况反映出来，在超声引导下行穿刺抽取注射术治疗的一次性穿刺成功率高且无并发症。%Objective To investigate the clinical value of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of bone and joint diseases. Methods 80 cases of bone and joint disease were randomly divided into the control group ( 40 cases) and the study group(40 cases) from September 2016 to January 2015. The control group underwent conventional X⁃ray examination and drug injection by anatomical location method;the intervention group underwent ultrasonography and injection treatment in ultrasound guided puncture. Two groups of patients with joint disease diagnosis, the compliance of the success rate of puncture, and complications before and after treatment, and two groups of patients with effusion depth and vision analog scale ( VAS) and WOMAC osteoarthritis index were com⁃pared. Results The total positive rate was 95.0% in intervention group and was significantly higher than the control group (42.5%, P<0.05);the articular cartilage echo change, synovial thickening, thinning of the cartilage and other aspects of the diagnosis was signif⁃icantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05);the intervention group one⁃time success rate of puncture was 100.0% which was higher than 47.5% in the control group (P<0.05). The intervention group did not appear operation complications, which were significantly less than the control group (P<0.05); after 3 weeks of treatment, the intervention group of patients with effusion depth, VAS score and WOMAC osteoarthritis index were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion High frequency ultrasound can accurately and timely reflect osteoarthropathy effusion, cartilage. The success rate of puncture and aspiration in the treatment of ul⁃trasound⁃guided puncture is high and there was no complication.