闪电定位系统与人工观测雷电日参数对比分析

摘要

雷电日是反映雷电活动规律的重要参数.通过对重庆地区35个区县人工观测雷暴资料(1951-2009年)和闪电定位系统监测资料(1999-2008年)的数理统计,重点分析了人工观测雷暴日、闪电定位系统监测的雷电日和雷击大地密度特征.结果表明:人工观测的雷暴日数远小于闪电定位系统监测获取的数据；人工观测的雷暴日局限于个人差异和地形影响,而闪电定位系统监测的雷电日局限于探测方法和设备的灵敏性,不能完全客观反映各地区雷电活动规律；雷击大地密度客观真实反映各地雷电活动特征,在此基础上获得了有效反映雷电活动规律的雷电日参数,为雷电灾害风险评估与防雷设计提供参考.%The number of thunderstorm days is an important parameter for studying the regularities of lightning activities. According to the mathematical and statistic analysis of thunderstorm data based on the manual observation from 1951 to 2009 and the measurements from the lightning location system from 1999 to 2008, an anaysis is made of the characteristics of the number of thunderstorm days and the ground flash density. It is concluded that the number of thunderstorm days from manual observation is much less than that measured by the lightning location system; both manual observation and lightning location system have some limitations: they cannot reflect objectively the regularities of lightning activities in different regions because of the methodology and sensitivity of the sounding devices. The effective thunderstorm parameters in various regions in Chongqing are obtained, which provides an academic basis for the evaluation of lightning disaster risk assessment and lightning protection design.