青海高原干热风的分布特征及其对气候变化的响应

摘要

Based on 50 years’meteorological data from 56 meteorological stations in Qinghai Province from 1961 to 2010,the spatial distribution,basic climate characteristics and occurence days of dry hot wind are analyzed .The results show that the Qaidam Basin is the main region for dry hot wind over Qinghai Plateau where Xiaozaohuo and Xunhua are the stations that frequently see the dry hot wind followed by Haidong Area.In the past 50 years,the number of dry hot wind days and its intensity have showed a rising trend.Dur-ing 2001-2010,the annual average dry hot wind events were 29 times,and respectively 17 times and 11 times more than in 1960s and 1970s.In recent years,the dry hot wind days increased,which result from the obvious in-crease of average maximum temperature and the gradual decrease of the relative humidity.%基于青海省56个气象站1961-2010年50年气象资料对干热风的发生日数、空间分布及其变化特征分析表明：青海高原干热风主要分布在柴达木盆地且以小灶火为高发地，其次为东部农业区且以循化为高发地；近50年来干热风日数、强度均呈逐年上升趋势，2001-2010年年平均达到29站次，分别较20世纪60和70年代偏多17和11站次；近年来平均最高气温的明显升高与相对湿度逐年减小是干热风日数增多的主要原因。