日光温室黄瓜小气候适宜度定量评价模型

摘要

To evaluate quantitatively the suitability of microclimate in greenhouse for the growth and devel-opment of vegetables and increase the connotation of facility agriculture meteorological quantitative serv-ice,this paper sets up four suitability-degree models of inside air temperature,air relative humidity,solar radiation and three factors integrated microclimate in cucumber solar greenhouse are respectively based on the observation data and the results of previous studies and thus the correlation between cucumber actual yield and suitability-degree of the models are verified.It is concluded that cucumber yield increases with the increase of integrated suitability-degree,and they two are significant correlated.This means that the model for analyzing the suitability of microclimate for cucumber growth in greenhouse is reliable.From the application of the models it is found that the most appropriate time is May in which the microclimate in greenhouse contributes to the growth and development of cucumber well while the most unsuitable time is January.Regardless of temperature suitability,air relative humidity suitability,the received solar radia-tion suitability or three factors comprehensive suitability,the varying trend of its values is irregular “V”-shaped during the whole observation year.The spring suitability degree is the highest,followed by the autumn,and the lowest in winter.The calculation result is in line with the local actual situation.%提为了定量评价日光温室内小气候对蔬菜生长发育的适宜程度，增加设施农业气象服务定量化服务内涵，文章根据实际观测资料并结合前人研究成果建立了日光温室内气温、空气相对湿度、接受到的太阳辐射及其综合因子对黄瓜生长发育的适宜度模型，运用黄瓜实际产量与适宜度的关系对模型进行检验，并实际应用了模型。得出黄瓜产量随综合小气候适宜度的增加而增加，两者相关显著，说明所建模型用于分析温室内小气候对黄瓜的适宜程度是可靠的。通过应用，得出日光温室内小气候对黄瓜生长发育最适宜的是5月，最不适宜的是1月；不论是气温适宜度、空气相对湿度适宜度、接受到的太阳辐射适宜度，还是三者综合小气候适宜度，在整个观测年度，其值的变化趋势均呈不规则“V”字形，春季适宜度最高，其次是秋季，冬季最低。计算结果与当地实际情况是一致的。