锗在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-KI-水体系中的浮选分离和富集

摘要

研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)-KI-水体系浮选分离锗的行为及锗与一些金属离子分离的奈件.结果表明:在水溶液中,Ge(Ⅳ)CTMAB和KI形成不溶于水的三元缔合物[GeI62][CTMAB+]2,此三元缔合物沉淀浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相;当溶 液中CTMAB和KI的浓度分别为6.0×10-4 mol/L和8.0×10-3 mol/L时,Ge(Ⅳ)可与Co2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Al3+、Fe2+、Cr3+、V(Ⅴ)和W(Ⅵ)离子定量分离,Ge(Ⅳ)的浮选率在97.4％以上.该方法简便、迅速,不污染环境,在微量锗的分离和富集分析中有很好的实用价值.%The floatation separation behaviors of germanium in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB)-KI-water system and the separation conditions with some metal ions were studied. The results showed that Ge(Ⅵ) could form a water-insoluble ternary complex ([GeI62- ][CTMAB+ ]2) with CTMAB and KI in water solution. This ternary complex precipitation could float on water phase, generating a clear liquid-solid interface. When the concentration of CTMAB and KI was 6. 0 × 10-4 mol/L and 8. 0×10-3 mol/L, respectively, Ge(Ⅵ) could be quantitatively separated from Co2+ , Ni2+ , Mn2+ , Mg2+ , Zn2+ ,Al3+ ,Fe2+ ,Cr3+ ,V(Ⅴ) and W(Ⅵ). The floatation rate of Ge(Ⅵ) was above 97. 4 %. The proposed method was simple and rapid without environmental pollution, and had good practical value in separation and enrichment of micro-germanium.