硫氰酸铵-十四烷基三甲基溴化铵微晶吸附体系浮选分离铜(Ⅱ)

摘要

建立了硫氰酸铵-十四烷基三甲基溴化铵微晶吸附体系浮选分离铜(Ⅱ)的新方法.探讨了硫氰酸铵溶液用量、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTMAB)溶液用量和酸度等因素对Cu2+浮选率的影响,讨论了Cu2+的浮选分离机理.结果表明,在最佳条件下,由Cu2+,SCN和十四烷基三甲基溴化铵阳离子(TTMAB+)形成的不溶于水的三元缔合物(TTMAB)2[Cu(SCN)4]被定量吸附在TTMAB+与SCN作用产生的微晶物质TTMAB+·SCN表面,且被浮选至水相上形成界面清晰的液-固两相,而Fe3+、Co2+、Ni2+、Cd2+、Mn2+、Al3+等离子仍然留在水相中,实现了Cu2+与这些离子的定量分离.据此建立了硫氰酸铵-十四烷基三甲基溴化铵微晶吸附体系浮选分离铜(Ⅱ)的新方法,进行了合成水样中Cu2+的定量浮选分离,浮选率为93.4％～103.6％.%The paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of copper(Ⅱ) using microcrystalline adsorption system of ammonium thiocyanate-tetradecyl trimethyl ammionium bromide. The effects of different parameters,such as the dosages of NH4SCN and tetradecyl trimethyl ammionium bromide (TTMAB) and acidity on the flotation yield of Cu2+ have been investigated to select the experimental conditions. The possible flotation separation mechanism of Cu2+ was discussed. The results showed that under the optimum conditions,tetradecyl trimethyl ammionium bromide cation (TT-MAB+) reacted with SCNT to produce the microcrystalline matter (Ms-M) of (TTMAB+ · SCNT). The water-insoluble ternary association complex of (TTMAB)2[Cu(SCN)4] which produced by Cu2+ and SC- ,TTMAB+ was quantitatively adsorbed on the surface of Ms-M of (TTMAB+ · SCN" ) and floated above the water phase,the liquid-solid phases were formed with clear interface,while Fe3+ ,Co2+ ,Ni2+ ,Cd2+ ,Mn2+ and Al3+ could not be floated. The quantitatively separation of Cu2+ from those metal ions was achieved by flotation. A new method for the flotation separation of trace Cu2+ u-sing microcrystalline adsorption system was established. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the flotation separation of trace Cu2+ in the samples of synthetic water,and the flotation yield was 93. 4%-103. 6%.