胶质芽孢杆菌释放矿物元素效果及机理研究进展

摘要

胶质芽孢杆菌是化能异养型细菌,广泛存在于土壤中.我国学者在胶质芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定、培养条件及发酵工艺、解钾解磷解硅活性、对硅酸盐矿物风化作用、土壤肥料等方面做了许多研究.目前的研究提出了几种矿物细菌交互作用机理,而这些机理是通过细胞胞外聚合物、细菌代谢产生的有机酸和某些酶等物质与矿物的交互反应实现的.通过对国内目前在胶质芽孢杆菌对矿物交互作用溶出离子方面的研究进展和作用机理进行总结和展望,呼吁广大研究者从宏观微观多角度多领域对胶质芽孢杆菌本身及其与矿物的交互作用进行深入研究.%Bacillus mucilaginosus is a kind of chemoorganotrophs widely existing in soil.Broad studies are made by Chinese researchers in the fields including culture isolation and verification,cultivation and fermentation,effects on release of elements such as K,P,Si,from minerals,weathering of silicate minerals and utilization as soil fertilizer,etc.At present,several mechanisms of interactions between the bacteria and minerals are proposed,and these have been brought up by extracellular polymeric substances,organic acids secreted from cell metabolisms and specific enzymes.Through summarizing the research progress and mechanism of interactions between Bacillus mucilaginosus and minerals,the majority of researchers are called for focusing on studying the Bacillus subtilis and its interaction with minerals from macro and micro perspectives.