心电图预测心房颤动发生的价值

摘要

The main mechanism of atrial fibrillation is shattered electrical activity caused by shortened refractory period and induced automaticity of a focal source in the atrial. Atrial fibrillation can cause the atrial tissue fibrosis and cause abnormalities of atrial electrophysiology, structure, function, autonomic nerves and metabolism. Electrocardiogram and the related techniques can detect these abnormal changes. So some features of electrocardiogram such as P wave dispersion, P max time, P wave variability, premature comtraction,heart rate variability and so on can predict idiopathic or recurrent atrial fibrillation, which can provide references to early clinical detection of high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation and the prevention.%心房不应期缩短引起心房的碎裂电活动和局灶自律性增高是心房颤动的主要发生机制.心房颤动又会导致心房组织纤维化,从而导致心房肌电生理、结构、功能、自主神经和代谢的异常变化.心电图及其相关技术可以检测到这些异常变化,因此,心电图的一些指征如P波离散度、P波最大时间、P波变异性、期前收缩和心率变异性等可以预测心房颤动的发生或复发,为临床早期发现心房颤动的高危人群和预防提供参考.