磁敏感加权成像技术在新生儿脑内疾病中的临床应用

摘要

磁敏感加权成像(SWI)是一种采用完全流动补偿、高分辨率、三维梯度回波的MRI成像新技术,其通过相位后处理突出显示血液中的顺磁性物质,例如去氧血红蛋白、细胞内的高铁血红蛋白、血铁质等,特别适用于检测静脉血管内含脱氧血红蛋白的血液和血管外的血液代谢物,其对铁沉积、钙化等亦十分敏感.现总结SWI在小新生儿损伤、脑出血、脑血管畸形、脑梗死、脑肿瘤以及钙化或铁质沉积等相关神经系统疾病的临床应用新进展,以期对新生儿常见神经系统疾病的MRI诊断提供新的认识和视角.%Susceptibility-weighted imaging ( SWI ) is a new MRI technique with a fully velocity-compensated, high-spatial-resolution and 3D gradient-echo. This method can accentuate the paramagnetic properties of blood products such as deoxyhemoglobin ,intracellular methemoglobin, and hemosiderin by the phase postprocessing. It is particularly useful for detecting intravascular venous deoxygenated blood as well as extravascular blood products, and is also quite sensitive to the existence of other substances such as iron, calcification , and air. This article reviewed the clinical usefulness in the detection of brain injury , hemorrhagic disorders , vascular malformations, infarction , neoplasms, calcium or iron deposition in neurodegenerative disorders.It will be helpful to provide the new understandings,additional diagnostic and prognostic information of these diseases in pediatric patients.