嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌是最近出现的一种重要的院内感染病原体.它广泛存在于自然界,可从正常人的咽部、粪便、痰中分离出来,是重要的条件致病菌.在非发酵革兰阴性杆菌引起的感染中位列第三,仅次于铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌.该菌对氨基糖苷类和很多β内酰胺类天然耐药,复方新诺明是治疗该菌首选的敏感性药物.近年来,随着耐复方新诺明嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的出现又给临床带来了新的难题.现就嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对复方新诺明耐药性的发现及其耐药机制予以综述.%Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is one of the important pathogens of nosocomial infection, widely existing in nature, and can be isolated from the normal pharyngeal, feces, and sputum, which is a major opportunistic pathogen, third largest n on-fermenting (iram- negative bacilli causing infection, second only to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is naturally resistant to minoglycosides and many β-lactam, thus cotrimoxazole is the primary choice to treat these infection that caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia. But more and more resistance to this drug have occurred in recent years,which brings a tough problem to the clinical practice. Here is to make a review' on the discovery of resistance to cotrimoxazole and the resistance mechanism.
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