The 3' Lntranslative Regions( 3' LTRs )of mRNAs in human harbor various cis-acting elements for posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. The AL-rich elements( AREs )are among the predominant cis-acting factors of the 3' LTRs. Posttranscriptional gene regulation mediated by AREs is believed to be widespread in ARE-containing mRNAs, which are transcribed from human genes that encode functionally diverse proteins important in many transient biologic processes, including immune response, inflammation response, and apoptosis process. In addition,over half of human genes contain multiple poly( A )sites, which lead to transcript variants with different 3' LTRs or regions. Many 3'LTR alternation events are correlated with immune and inflammation.%信使RNA 3′末端非编码区(3′UTR)含有多种顺式反应元件,该顺式元件参与基因表达的转录后调节.其中,存在于3′UTR的A/U富集元件(ARE)具有调控基因表达作用.ARE介导的基因表达的转录后调控广泛存在.人类细胞内ARE-containing 基因主要编码一些短暂生物学过程,如免疫、炎症及凋亡等的蛋白质.另外,人类基因中广泛存在多个可选择性多聚腺苷酸化位点,产生不同3′UTR长度或不同蛋白质产物的转录本,而且人体很多3′UTR改变的事件涉及机体免疫及炎性反应.
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