More than 90% of body lead is stored in bone.The technique of K-X-Kay fluorescence developed in the 1990s has enabled the quantitative measurement of decades of cumulative lead in bone,whereas blood lead levels reflect only recent exposure to lead.Studies point to the effects of elevated levels of bone lead and the cognitive decline among the elderly is associated, with lead toxicity being one of the possible causes of degenerative dementia.There is evidence of an association between increased bone lead levels and renal disease, degenerative diseases like cataract, and suggests association with blood pressure and hypertension.Therefore it's strongly recommended to further lower the present allowed blood lead level to minimize chronic cumulative lead toxicity.%体内的铅90%以上贮藏于骨骼中.20世纪90年代发展起来的K-X线荧光技术使得对数10年沉积于骨组织中铅的定量测定成为可能,而血铅水平仅反映近期铅暴露.研究表明骨铅水平升高的效应与老年人的认知力下降相关,因为铅毒性被认为是老年人退化性痴呆的可能原因之一.有证据表明升高的骨铅水平与肾病和变性疾病(如白内障)有关,并提示与血压和高血压有关.因此,强烈推荐进一步降低目前允许的血铅水平,使慢性铅蓄积中毒降到最少.
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