非阿片类镇痛药的围术期应用进展

摘要

阿片类药物被广泛地应用于手术患者围术期镇痛，但其不良反应明显，且大剂量阿片类药物可能引起急性耐受和痛觉过敏，最终导致更严重的疼痛反应。因此，各种非阿片类药物和新技术逐渐被研发和应用于临床，目的是改善患者疼痛和减少阿片类药物的使用，降低阿片相关的不良反应。该文就几种主要非阿片类镇痛药围术期镇痛的应用进展做一综述，以期对患者围术期疼痛进行精确管理，避免过度使用镇痛药物。%Opioids are a kind of classic perioperative analgesics with several dose-related side-effects. Furthermore,large doses of opioids may cause acute tolerance and hyperalgesia,resulting in more serious pain.Therefore various non-opioids and techniques have been explored as part of multimodal analgesia in order to improve pain management and reduce opioid consumption and opioid-related side-effects.Here is to make a review of recent progresses in the study on these non-opioid analgesics,and remind our readers of pre-cise management of perioperative pain and avoid overuse of analgesic drugs .