Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety analysis of laryngeal mask airway ( LMA) for general anesthesia in children.Methods Total of 80 children undergoing elective operation scheduled in Hainan Eye Hospital from Apr.2013 to Sep.2014 were included in the study,and divided into LMA group and tracheal intubation general anesthesia group according to random number table method,45 cases each. Both groups received anesthesia induction with 6% sevoflurane followed by intravenous midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and fentanyl 4 μg/kg,and intravenous infusion of propofolum 4 mg/( kg・ h) .Then LMA was given in the LMA group and tracheal intubation was given in the tracheal intubation group before the start of surgery .Both groups were administrated with continuous 1%-2% sevoflurane during surgery.Propofol and sevoflurane were stopped 3 minutes before the end of operation.Heart rate(HR),mean arterial blood pressure(MAP) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) at pre-anesthesia (T0),5 minutes after the beginning of anesthesia (T1),20 minutes after the beginning of anesthesia ( T2 ) , end of the operation ( T3 ) were recorded.Results The recovery time of LMA group was shorter than that of tracheal intubation general anesthesia group,the differ-ence was statistically significant [ ( 9.5 ±3.1 ) min vs ( 11.4 ±2.9 ) min, P <0.05 ] .The incidence of adverse reactions in LMA group was 0,in tracheal intubation general anesthesia group was 15 cases.The HP and MAP at T0,T1,T2 and T3 time points in LMA group were gradually decreasing [HP:(91 ±8),(86 ± 10),(85 ±9),(84 ±8)times/min; MAP:(65 ±10),(63 ±8),(62 ±8),(62 ±7) mmHg],and there was a peak at T1 point and then gradually decreasing in tracheal intubation general anesthesia group [ HP:(90 ±8),(110 ±11),(86 ±9),(85 ±8) times/min; MAP:(63 ±11),(68 ±9),(64 ±8),(63 ±7) mmHg];the SpO2 of LMA group first increased and then decreased [(0.988 ±0.008),(0.996 ±0.006), (0.994 ±0.007),(0.995 ±0.008)],and of tracheal intubation general anesthesia group first decreased and then increased[(0.987 ±0.005),(0.925 ±0.009),(0.989 ±0.006),(0.991 ±0.007)].The HR, MAP and SpO2 of the two groups were statistically significantly different(all P<0.05).The HR at different time points of the two groups was statistically significantly different(P<0.05),while the difference of MAP and SpO2 was not statistically significant ( P >0.05 ) .The HR, MAP and SpO2 at different time points between the two groups were significantly different ( all P <0.05 ) .Conclusion The clinical efficacy of LAM in the treatment of pediatric anesthesia is exact,with high safety,therefore has a certain clinical value.%目的：探讨罩喉应用于患儿麻醉的可行性和安全性。方法选择2013年8月至2014年9月海南省眼科医院择期进行手术的90例患儿，将患儿按随机数字表法随机均分为罩喉组和气管插管全麻组，各45例。两组患儿均用面罩吸入6％的七氟烷进行麻醉诱导，然后依次静脉注射咪唑安定0.05 mg／kg、芬太尼4μg／㎏，静脉泵注丙泊酚4㎎／（ kg・ h）；喉罩组患者手术前给予罩喉通气，气管插管全麻组患儿气管插管通气，术中给予两组患儿持续吸入1％～2％的七氟烷。手术结束前3 min停止给予丙泊酚和七氟烷。记录两组患儿麻醉前（ T0）、麻醉后5 min （ T1）、麻醉后20 min （T2）、手术结束时（T3）的心率、平均动脉压、脉搏血氧饱和度。结果喉罩组患儿的苏醒时间显著短于气管插管全麻组，差异有统计学意义[（9.5±3.1） min比（11.4±2.9） min，P＜0.05]，喉罩组无不良反应发生，气管插管全麻组15例发生不良反应。喉罩组 T0、T1、T2、T3时间点的心率及平均动脉压均逐渐降低[心率：（91±8）次／min，（86±10）次／min，（85±9）次／min，（84±8）次／min；平均动脉压：（65±10） mmHg（1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa），（63±8） mmHg，（62±8） mmHg，（62±7） mmHg]，气管插管全麻组在T1时间点升高，随后逐渐降低[心率：（90±8）次／min，（110±11）次／min，（86±9）次／min，（85±8）次／min；平均动脉压：（63±11） mmHg，（68±9） mmHg，（64±8） mmHg，（63±7） mmHg]；喉罩组脉搏血氧饱和度在麻醉后先升高，随后降低[脉搏血氧饱和度分别为（0.988±0.008），（0.996±0.006），（0.994±0.007），（0.995±0.008）]，气管插管全麻组先降低，随后升高[脉搏血氧饱和度（0.987±0.005），（0.925±0.009），（0.989±0.006），（0.991±0.007）]。两组患儿的组间心率、平均动脉压和脉搏血氧饱和度比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）；两组患儿不同时点间的心率比较，差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0.05），而平均动脉压和脉搏血氧饱和度不同时点间比较差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）；两组患儿的组间不同时间点心率，平均动脉压和脉搏血氧饱和度比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论罩喉用于小儿麻醉手术的临床疗效确切，且安全性较高，有一定的临床推广价值。
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