泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的表观遗传学生物标志物研究新进展

摘要

Kidney,bladder,prostate and testis cancers are the most common genitourinary ( GU) neo-plasms.There are no effective tests with both high sensitivity and high specificity ,which are also unable to detect cancer at earliest stages when curative treatment is most likely successful.However,epigenetic-based GU cancer biomarkers like microRNA,DNA methylation,histone modifications and chromatin remodeling are the latest research hotspots,and have the potential to reform the detection,diagnosis and treatment of GU neo-plasms,and predict the response of GU cancer to therapy.%肾癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌及睾丸癌是泌尿生殖系统常见的恶性肿瘤. 现有的检验手段不能兼顾敏感性和特异性,并且难以在早期诊断疾病,导致患者错过最佳的诊治时期. 表观遗传学生物标志物,如微RNA、DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和染色质重塑等是近年的研究热点,有望革新泌尿生殖系统肿瘤的筛查、诊断和预后评估,而且还能预测疾病对治疗的反应性.