人乳头瘤病毒治疗性疫苗在宫颈癌治疗中的应用

摘要

Cervical cancer as one of the most common malignant tumors in the female reproductive system , threatens tens of thousands women′s lives and health globally .The persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus ( HPV ) is directly related to the occurrence and development of cervical cancer ,as widely recognized by the academia .Therefore HPV prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic vaccines have been produced based on HPV infections .At present ,HPV prophylactic vaccines have been implemented in the majority of the industrialized countries in America and Europe ,and new progress has been made in the development of therapeutic vaccines ,including peptide vaccine ,protein vaccine,live vector vaccines and DNA vaccines.Prophylactic vaccines provide limited benefits to patients with HPV infection .However,therapeutic vaccines can specifically remove virus and virus infected cells by activating cellular immunity ,which is expected to become a new way to treat HPV infected cervical cancer .%宫颈癌作为女性生殖系统中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,威胁着全球数以万计女性的生命和健康.目前学术界公认,高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的持续感染与宫颈癌的发生、发展直接相关,因此以HPV感染为出发点相继出现了HPV预防性疫苗和治疗性疫苗.目前,HPV预防性疫苗已经开始逐渐应用于美国及欧洲等多数发达国家,治疗性疫苗的研制也取得了新的进展,其中主要包括肽疫苗、蛋白疫苗、活载体疫苗及DNA疫苗等.然而,预防性疫苗对已感染HPV患者的治疗效果有限,治疗性疫苗则可以通过激活细胞免疫特异性地清除病毒和被病毒感染的细胞,有望成为治疗HPV感染宫颈癌的新手段.