加速康复外科在腹腔镜结直肠癌围术期的应用

摘要

近年来随着医学的进步,微创技术的广泛应用,加速康复外科(ERAS)这一概念被提出.ERAS是通过一系列经过优化的围术期措施,尽量减少手术过程中产生的应激反应以及术后可能发生的并发症,从而使患者更快恢复.ERAS摒弃常规的术前机械灌肠,采用更为简单的肠道准备,应用硬膜外麻醉和镇痛,术中使用腹腔镜技术,术后早期摘除鼻胃管和引流管,并鼓励早期下床活动.ERAS虽然在结直肠外科应用已有多年,效果显著,但是普及程度还不理想,需要进一步推广发展.%With the advances of medicine and the wide application of minimally invasive techniques in recent years,the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)have been proposed.It is through a series of optimized perioperative measures to minimize the stress response in operation and possible postoperative complications,so that patients can recover faster.It abandons routine preoperative mechanical enema and uses a simpler bowel preparation,uses epidural anesthesia and analgesia,and laparoscopy,removes nasogastric tube and drainage tube after surgery as early as possible,and encoura-ges early ambulation.Although it has been used for many years in colorectal surgery with significant effect,the popularity is not ideal enough,which needs further development.