目的：探讨病原菌检验在老年呼吸道感染预防中的重要作用。方法：统计分析我院2014年5月至2015年5月收治的116例老年呼吸道感染患者的临床资料。结果：116例患者共检出112株病原菌，其中革兰氏阴性菌所占比例最高，达到了总数的58.93%，肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌较为常见；其次为革兰氏阳性菌，占总数的32.14%，金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌较为常见，对青霉素均具有较高的耐药率，分别达到了97.2%、71.3%；均不耐受万古霉素；真菌所占比例最低，仅占总数的8.93%；肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对氨苄西林均具有较高的耐药率，分别达到了94.3%、92.1%、96.5%；其次为头孢曲松，耐药率分别为60.7%、47.6%、73.6%。结论：老年呼吸道感染的主要病原菌为革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌，同时多重耐药株的比重极大，临床应将患者的实际病情和临床检验结果有机结合起来对抗生素进行科学合理的选择，从而有效提升患者治疗的疗效及患者的生活质量。%Objective:To study the important role of pathogens test in the prevention of respiratory infection of elderly patients. Methods: The clinical data of 116 cases of elderly patients with respiratory infections who were treated in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2015 were statistically analyzed. Results: 112 pathogens were detected from 116 cases of patients, The gram- negative bacteria accounted the highest proportion, reaching 58.93 percent of the total, and Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were more common;The following was gram- positive bacteria, accounting for 32.14 percent of the total, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumonia were more common. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumonia had high resistance rate to penicillin, reached 97.2%and 71.3%, respectively, not tolerate vancomycin;The lowest proportion was fungi, only 8.93%of the total;Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii to ampicillin Xilin have high resistance rate, reached 94.3%, 92.1%, and 96.5% respectively; followed by ceftriaxone, with resistance rate as 60.7%, 47.6%, and 73.6% respectively. Conclusion:The main pathogens of elderly respiratory tract infections are gram- negative and gram- positive bacteria, while the proportion of multi- drug resistant strains is great. The actual clinical condition of the patient and clinical test results should be combined in clinic for further scientific and reasonable antibiotics selection, so as to enhance the efficacy of cure and improve the life quality of patients.
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